M.A. Thesis:

comparing and contrasting moral and ethical ideas in sa'di's golestan and moeen al-din joveini's negarestan

There are a lot of examples of imitating the great works of literature in history. In this respect, Sa’di has been in the center of attention due to his being famous and eloquent. A lot of works have been written in imitation of Golestan, such as Negarestan. Negarestan is poetry mixed with prose and contains advice-based anecdotes. Moin Al-Din Joveini admits that he has written Negarestan in response to his father’s request to remove the drawbacks of Golastan. Thus there are differences in the form of these two. Joveini added three parts to the end of his anecdotes:”Hadith”;” Hekmat”; “Faidah”. There are also some similarities and differences in moral and ethical concepts between Negarestan and Golestan. One of the similarities is that both authors have paid attention to such concepts as contentment in life, wisdom, patience, proper speech, seclusion and meditation, giving importance to knowledge and personal differences among people, and the influence of friends on people. Among the differences we can point out some concepts that Sa’di has attended to, but Joveini has not, such as family, home policy, and the courage to talk about kings and give them advice. Another difference is in their attitude towards women. Sa’di sounds to be in favor of women whereas Joveini is against women.

Keywords: Sa’di’s Golestan; Joveini’s Negarestan; moral and ethical concepts