M.A. Thesis:

Garlic philosophy in Islam

Opponents of mysticism and wisdom pretend that Islamic philosophy is the same as Greek philosophy, and the legacy of infidels. And Muslims should take their knowledge of the book and the tradition, not from aliens and unbelievers. But Islamic philosophers believe that there is no true resemblance between the Greek philosophical device and the Transcendental Philosophy, the ultimate product of Islamic philosophy.By entering into the Islamic world, philosophy was undergoing change and evolution, and then influenced various fields of Islamic culture and civilization. One of the roles of philosophy in Islamic civilization can be the need of civilization to philosophy in differentiating the truth from non-truth, the effect of philosophy in religion, the effect of philosophy on morality, the effect of philosophy on politics, the explanation of the utopia and the effect of philosophy in the word. Islamic philosophers were divided into three classes of Ishraqi philosophers, Transcendent philosophers and philosophers. The head of the philosophers of the Masah of Bu-Ali Sinai and the head of the philosophers of Ishraq was Suhrawardi. Martyr Motahari believes that Suhrawardi, under the influence of Islamic mystics, created the Illuminati method, which is to combine illumination and reasoning with the initiatives of Sheikh Ishraq. But after several centuries, another philosophy was founded by Sadr Al-Mutavalin Shirazi (M 1050). Mulla Sadra called his philosophy Transcendental wisdom and became famous. Sadra's school is in the way similar to the school of ishraqi, that is, it believes in reasoning, discovery and intuition. But in terms of principles and inferences, it is different. In Transcendental philosophy, many of the disputed issues of Islam and illumination, or the differences between philosophy and mysticism, or the disagreement between philosophy and wisdom, were always resolved. The philosophy that prevails today in the Muslim world is the transcendental wisdom of Mulla Sadra Shirazi.

Keywords: philosophy, Islamic civilization, ethics, the course of philosophy