M.A. Thesis:

The place of the principle of personalization of penalties in relation to legal persons

The principle of individualization of punishments is one of the special principles of punishments, which is an exception to the principle of legality of punishments. This means that the punishment is compatible to the extent that the offender is physically and mentally. A law firm is an institution that has legal personality and is criminally liable and punished if the legislator commits a crime. Article 20 of the Islamic Penal Code of 1392 provides a list of punishments for legal persons who commit crimes, which during the trial by the judge of the court, according to the severity of the crime, harmful results, the amount of the crime of one of the punishments and Rules. Regarding the determination and execution of punishment of legal persons, the judge has a duty to pay attention to the implementation of the principle of individualization of punishments and according to the severity, extent and consequences of the crime committed, consider a punishment for a legal person that is favorable to the legal person. Sometimes, in order to enforce and observe the principle of individualization of punishments, the sentence may be suspended, postponed, reduced, aggravated, or pardoned and repented, and the punishment may be heavier or lighter. In this dissertation, according to the mentioned cases, we will examine the position of the principle of individualization of punishment in the rights of legal entities in a descriptive-analytical method. .

Keywords: Keywords: legal personality, criminal responsibility, individualization of punishment, Islamic Penal Code