Thesis:

The effect of competitive and cooperative games on the profiency of first grade girls

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of competitive and cooperative games on the motor skills of first grade girls. The present study is an applied research in terms of its purpose and the data collection method was a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test with an unequal control group. The statistical population studied in this study included all first-grade female students in Sabzevar city who were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to 3 groups (2 experimental groups and 1 control group) of 41 people. The data collection tool in this study included the Broninx-Ozeretsky Motor Proficiency Test Scale questionnaire. In order to conduct this research, necessary permits were obtained from the Education and Training Organization. After selecting and assigning the samples to the desired groups, motor proficiency pre-tests were conducted. Then, the competitive and cooperative games protocol was implemented for 8 weeks, 2 sessions per week, and a total of 3 hours for the experimental group. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference (P > 1.11) between the mean scores of students in the three groups (competitive game, cooperative game, and control) in the motor proficiency test at the post-test, and the performance of the cooperative game group in the motor proficiency test was better. This means that 61 percent of the total variance or individual differences in gross movements was related to cooperative play, and 47 percent of the total variance or individual differences in fine movements was related to competitive play

Keywords: Cooperative games, competitive games, motor skills, students