Thesis:

The effectiveness of assertiveness training on procrastination and attention deficit in children with learning disabilities .aged 7 to 12 years in Mashhad

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of assertiveness training on procrastination and attention deficit in children with learning disabilities aged 7 to 12 years in Mashhad. The research method was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all children with learning disabilities referred to educational-rehabilitation centers in Mashhad in 1403, from which 32 people (16 in the experimental group and 16 in the control group) were selected using a convenient sampling method. The instruments used were: Tuckman's Procrastination Questionnaire (2001) and Connors' Attention Deficit Scale (1997). The experimental group underwent assertiveness training during 8 90-minute sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, and Levine statistical tests and analysis of covariance. The findings showed that assertiveness training significantly reduced procrastination and inattention in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In other words, after controlling for the pretest effect, the mean scores of procrastination and inattention in the experimental group decreased significantly, while no significant change was observed in the control group. These results indicate that assertiveness training can be used as an effective intervention in improving behavioral-cognitive problems in children with learning disabilities. In general, the findings of the present study highlight the importance of paying attention to social-emotional skill training interventions such as assertiveness in improving the academic and psychological performance of children with learning disabilities. It is suggested that counselors, teachers, and parents benefit from this educational method in order to improve cognitive abilities and reduce problematic behaviors in this group of children.

Keywords: Keywords: assertiveness, procrastination, attention deficit, learning disabilities, children