Thesis:

Comparative study of the crime of human trafficking in Iranian law and international law

This research aims to conduct a comparative study of the crime of human trafficking in Iranian law and international law in a descriptive-analytical manner. The comparative study of the crime of human trafficking in Iranian law and international law shows that both legal systems consider this phenomenon to be a serious crime that violates human rights and have devised measures to combat it. However, there are differences in the definition of the crime, examples, penalties, and preventive and counter-productive approaches. The Additional Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo Protocol) provides a comprehensive definition of human trafficking that emphasizes the three elements of "act", "means", and "purpose". The Protocol defines human trafficking as “the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability, or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person.” The purpose of this act is exploitation, which can include sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery or other forms of exploitation. The Law on Combating Human Trafficking in Iran, adopted in 2004, inspired by the Palermo Protocol, defines human trafficking. The law defines human trafficking as the movement, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons for the purpose of exploitation, by means of threats, deception, abuse of position or any other means against the free will of the person. Both legal systems emphasize the need to combat human trafficking and protect victims. International law, through the Palermo Protocol, requires states to assist and protect victims of human trafficking. There are also laws in Iranian law in this regard. A comparative study shows that Iranian and international law converge in combating human trafficking, but there are differences in some details.

Keywords: Keywords: Crime, Human Trafficking, Iranian Law, International Law