M.A. Thesis:

Hero and anti-hero in the novels of Ahmed Mahmoud (Hamsayeha٫ Medar Sefr darageh٫ Derakht Anjeer Maabed)

Hero and Anti - hero in Ahmad Mahmod’s Novels( Hamsayeha, Medar Sefr darageh، Derakht Anjeer Maabed) The exact assessment of hero and anti-hero in three Ahmad Mahmod’s novels is impossible without considering the confronting these characters with their opponents and identifying important goals or problems which the main characters encounter their opponents when they reach obstacles or they want to resolve them .]On the other hand, The work of each author is influenced by his personal life, the social environment and the literary standards of his society As a result -in order to assess these characters and communicating with the reader - the social conditions of their writing time should also be studied. It should be mentioned that since in Persian language there have been different definitions for the main characters of the story and the words hero and anti-hero, and the word "hero" in its classical sense is used more in epic stories and the anti-hero is mistakenly used as the character against the main character of the story, and that most of the definitions and resources available in the Persian language including Jamal Mirsadeghi's work in this regard are based on Western sources, in the present study ,to get a closer understanding of the words , they are used directly- as it was possible- from the novels .

Keywords: hero , anti -hero , development novel ,neighbors, zero degree latitude ,Fig tree of temples