M.A. Thesis:

Criminal Investigation of Government Officials in Respect of International Criminal Law

Basically, In a political system, it is necessary for the gorvernment officials to have certain special immunities in some areas so that they can do their duties as effective and safely as possible. In general, government officials have two types of immunity: professional and personal immunity. Professional immunity is intended for people who do some (state -specific actions) as a government representative. And personal immunity is granted to certain government representatives, not for their particular action as government action. Professional immunity is due to customary international law as well as contractual one and it is attributed to the action that is taken by the government. Everyone who commits a criminal offense carrying out a government action is immune from the prosecution of the rulers of the other countries. This type of immunity is based on respect for the principle of equality rulers and independence of the states. One of the fundamental principles of international law is the inability of one government in prosecuting a foreign one. Such immunity includes both types of criminal and legal liability. Anyway,when accused official bring his position away, he or she may be prosecuted for the crimes that committed before or after the office or for the acts that took place at the time of the official is tenure in own personal capacity Courts whit international jurisdiction were formed for prosecution and countering the unpunished perpetrators of the international crimes. After the end of world war II, the Nuremberg and Tokyo courts, that were formed by the allies for dealing with the war crimes didn't consider the immunity of the government and military official as an impediment to their jurisdictional realm.

Keywords: professional immunity, personal immunity, criminal immunity, government officials, international law